Arabic has 28 letters. It is written right-to-left. Each letter has up to 4 forms depending on position.
| Letter | Name | Sound |
|--------|------|-------|
| ุฃ | Alif | A/aa |
| ุจ | Ba | B |
| ุช | Ta | T |
| ุซ | Tha | Th (as in "think") |
| ุฌ | Jeem | J |
| ุญ | Ha | H (deep, pharyngeal) |
| ุฎ | Kha | Kh (like Scottish "loch") |
| ุฏ | Dal | D |
| ุฐ | Dhal | Dh (as in "the") |
| ุฑ | Ra | R (rolled) |
| ุฒ | Zay | Z |
| ุณ | Seen | S |
| ุด | Sheen | Sh |
| ุต | Sad | S (emphatic) |
| ุถ | Dad | D (emphatic) |
| ุท | Ta | T (emphatic) |
| ุธ | Dha | Dh (emphatic) |
| ุน | Ain | ' (voiced pharyngeal) |
| ุบ | Ghain | Gh (like French "r") |
| ู | Fa | F |
| ู | Qaf | Q (deep) |
| ู | Kaf | K |
| ู | Lam | L |
| ู | Meem | M |
| ู | Noon | N |
| ู | Ha | H |
| ู | Waw | W / long U |
| ู | Ya | Y / long I |