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Traveler's Prayer (Salat al-Musafir) Calculator

Determine whether you qualify as a Musafir (traveler), compute Qasr (shortening) and Jam' (combining) permissions across the 4 Madhhabs, track 72-hour Khuffayn wiping, and view authentic Prophetic travel supplications.

Journey Details & School of Thought

Departure City

Destination City

One-Way Distance

Musafir threshold: ~77 km (48 miles)

Intended Stay (Days)Max stay: 14 days (HANAFI)

Crossed City Municipal Limits (Mufaraqat al-Bunyan)

Shar'i Invariant: Shortening and concessions strictly activate only after leaving home residential borders.

Select Madhhab (School of Thought)

Status: Musafir (Traveler)Qasr Shortening Permitted

Distance of 120 km (120.0 km) meets the travel threshold (≥ 77 km), and stay of 3 days is within the HANAFI Musafir limit (≤ 14 days). You qualify for traveler rulings!

School Note (HANAFI): In the Hanafi school, shortening (Qasr) is Wajib (mandatory). You remain a Musafir if your intended stay is less than 15 days (1–14 days). Combining prayers (Jam') is not permitted except on Arafat and Muzdalifah.

Travel Prayer Schedule & Rak'at Breakdown

4-rak'ah Fard prayers are shortened to 2 rak'ahs.

FajrNo Qasr

2 Sunnah Mu'akkadah (Strongly preserved during travel)

2Fard Rak'at

DhuhrQasr (4 → 2)

Sunnahs optional while actively travelling

2Fard Rak'at

AsrQasr (4 → 2)

Sunnahs optional while actively travelling

2Fard Rak'at

MaghribNo Qasr

Cannot be shortened under any circumstance

3Fard Rak'at

IshaQasr (4 → 2)

Followed by 3 Witr (retained during travel)

2Fard Rak'at

Combining Prayers (Jam' al-Salatayn)

Hanafi Position: According to the Hanafi school, combining two prayers into one time slot (Jam' Haqiqi) is only permitted during Hajj: Dhuhr with Asr at Arafat, and Maghrib with Isha at Muzdalifah.

During regular travel, each prayer must be offered in its appointed time window. However, Jam' Suwari (Apparent Combining) is recommended: delay Dhuhr until just before its end time, pray it, and as soon as Asr time begins, pray Asr immediately.

Wiping over Footwear (Masah 'ala al-Khuffayn)

Sahih Muslim 276: 3 days & nights (72 hours) for travelers vs 24 hours for residents.

Ramadan Fasting Concessions (Rukhsa) & Qadha

“And whoever is ill or on a journey - then an equal number of other days. Allah intends for you ease and does not intend for you hardship.” (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:184)

• Musafirs are legally granted the concession (*Rukhsa*) to break the fast while traveling.
• If travel is comfortable without distress, fasting is valid and rewarded (Shafi'i / Hanafi preference). Hanbalis prefer utilizing the concession.
• Every missed day must be made up 1-for-1 (*Qadha*) before the following Ramadan.

Travel Fasting Days Missed (Qadha Due):

In-Flight & In-Transit Practical Guide

Qibla in Flight

Use aircraft infotainment flight map to identify heading toward Mecca. If standing, face Qibla for Takbirat al-Ihram.

Standing vs. Sitting

Standing (Qiyam) is an obligatory pillar. Pray standing in galleys if allowed. If turbulence or seat-belt signs prevent standing, pray seated with head bowing (Sujud lower than Ruku').

Tayammum Aloft

If water in aircraft lavatories is exhausted or unusable, strike hands upon clean dusty fabric or bring a pocket Tayammum stone pad.

Timezones & Altitudes

Prayers follow actual solar conditions visible out your window (sunset = Maghrib, true dawn = Fajr), not origin or destination ground clocks.

Essential Prophetic Travel Duas

When Boarding Transport (Vehicle, Plane, Train)

سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي سَخَّرَ لَنَا هَٰذَا وَمَا كُنَّا لَهُ مُقْرِنِينَ وَإِنَّا إِلَىٰ رَبِّنَا لَمُنقَلِبُونَ

Subhanal-ladhi sakh-khara lana hadha wa ma kunna lahu muqrinin, wa inna ila Rabbina lamunqalibun.

“Glory be to Him Who has subjected this to us, whereas we were unable to conquer it by ourselves, and indeed to our Lord we will surely return.”

— Surah Az-Zukhruf 43:13-14

Dua for Setting Out on a Journey

اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا نَسْأَلُكَ فِي سَفَرِنَا هَٰذَا الْبِرَّ وَالتَّقْوَىٰ، وَمِنَ الْعَمَلِ مَا تَرْضَىٰ، اللَّهُمَّ هَوِّنْ عَلَيْنَا سَفَرَنَا هَٰذَا وَاطْوِ عَنَّا بُعْدَهُ

Allahumma inna nas'aluka fi safarina hadhal-birra wat-taqwa, wa minal-'amali ma tarda. Allahumma hawwin 'alayna safarana hadha watwi 'anna bu'dah.

“O Allah, we ask You on this journey for virtue, piety, and actions pleasing to You. O Allah, make this journey easy for us and roll up its distance.”

— Sahih Muslim 978

Dua for Arriving at a Lodging / Stopover

أَعُوذُ بِكَلِمَاتِ اللهِ التَّامَّاتِ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ

A'udhu bi-kalimatil-lahit-tammati min sharri ma khalaq.

“I seek refuge in the perfect words of Allah from the evil of what He has created.”

— Sahih Muslim 2708

Dua When Entering a City or Town

اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعِ وَمَا أَظْلَلْنَ، وَرَبَّ الأَرَضِينَ السَّبْعِ وَمَا أَقْلَلْنَ، أَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَ هَٰذِهِ الْقَرْيَةِ وَخَيْرَ أَهْلِهَا، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّهَا وَشَرِّ أَهْلِهَا

Allahumma Rabbas-samawatis-sab'i wa ma azlalna, wa Rabbal-aradina-sab'i wa ma aqlalna, as'aluka khayra hadhihil-qaryati wa khayra ahliha, wa a'udhu bika min sharriha wa sharri ahliha.

“O Allah, Lord of the seven heavens and what they overshadow, and Lord of the seven earths and what they contain, I ask You for the good of this town and the good of its people, and seek refuge in You from its evil and the evil of its people.”

— Al-Mustadrak / Hisn al-Muslim

Dua Upon Returning from Travel

آيِبُونَ تَائِبُونَ عَابِدُونَ لِرَبِّنَا حَامِدُونَ

Ayibuna, ta'ibuna, 'abiduna, li-Rabbina hamidun.

“We return, repenting, worshipping, and praising our Lord.”

— Sahih al-Bukhari 1799

Combining Prayers (Jam' al-Salatayn)

Ramadan Fasting Concessions (Rukhsa) & Qadha

“And whoever is ill or on a journey - then an equal number of other days. Allah intends for you ease and does not intend for you hardship.” (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:184)

Travel Fasting Days Missed (Qadha Due):

In-Flight & In-Transit Practical Guide

Qibla in Flight

Use aircraft infotainment flight map to identify heading toward Mecca. If standing, face Qibla for Takbirat al-Ihram.

Standing vs. Sitting

Standing (Qiyam) is an obligatory pillar. Pray standing in galleys if allowed. If turbulence or seat-belt signs prevent standing, pray seated with head bowing (Sujud lower than Ruku').

Tayammum Aloft

If water in aircraft lavatories is exhausted or unusable, strike hands upon clean dusty fabric or bring a pocket Tayammum stone pad.

Timezones & Altitudes

Prayers follow actual solar conditions visible out your window (sunset = Maghrib, true dawn = Fajr), not origin or destination ground clocks.

Essential Prophetic Travel Duas

When Boarding Transport (Vehicle, Plane, Train)

Subhanal-ladhi sakh-khara lana hadha wa ma kunna lahu muqrinin, wa inna ila Rabbina lamunqalibun.

“Glory be to Him Who has subjected this to us, whereas we were unable to conquer it by ourselves, and indeed to our Lord we will surely return.”

— Surah Az-Zukhruf 43:13-14

Dua for Setting Out on a Journey

Allahumma inna nas'aluka fi safarina hadhal-birra wat-taqwa, wa minal-'amali ma tarda. Allahumma hawwin 'alayna safarana hadha watwi 'anna bu'dah.

“O Allah, we ask You on this journey for virtue, piety, and actions pleasing to You. O Allah, make this journey easy for us and roll up its distance.”

— Sahih Muslim 978

Dua for Arriving at a Lodging / Stopover

أَعُوذُ بِكَلِمَاتِ اللهِ التَّامَّاتِ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ

A'udhu bi-kalimatil-lahit-tammati min sharri ma khalaq.

“I seek refuge in the perfect words of Allah from the evil of what He has created.”

— Sahih Muslim 2708

Dua When Entering a City or Town

Allahumma Rabbas-samawatis-sab'i wa ma azlalna, wa Rabbal-aradina-sab'i wa ma aqlalna, as'aluka khayra hadhihil-qaryati wa khayra ahliha, wa a'udhu bika min sharriha wa sharri ahliha.

— Al-Mustadrak / Hisn al-Muslim

Dua Upon Returning from Travel

آيِبُونَ تَائِبُونَ عَابِدُونَ لِرَبِّنَا حَامِدُونَ

Ayibuna, ta'ibuna, 'abiduna, li-Rabbina hamidun.

“We return, repenting, worshipping, and praising our Lord.”

— Sahih al-Bukhari 1799